Abstract：In this paper, an observability analysis of sensor bias based on the track-independent estimation model is presented. Observability analysis is a prerequisite for developing a systematic error estimation model. Therefore, an observability matrix is adopted to study the observability and observability degree of sensor bias. Initially, based on the track-independent model, both state transformation and measurement models of sensor bias are built in two dimensions to construct the observability matrix. Then, the observability of the sensor bias is studied by judging the singularity of the observability matrix. Further, the mathematical expression for the degree of observability is presented. Finally, several typical simulations to demonstrate the effect of degree of observability on the estimation accuracy of sensor bias and the effects of sensor location and target motion on the observability and observability degree of sensor bias are provided.
